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Thus Spoke Zarathustra

"Thus Spake Zarathustra" (German: Also sprach Zarathustra) is the title of a famous book by German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche who is Zarathustra's descent from the mountain to the market to bring the teaching to mankind. Zarathustra's behavior described here is opposite to that described by an essay by Arthur Schopenhauer that prefigures - on the contrary - a departure from the market towards the mystical, in fact, the mountain. This text
Nietzsche continues, however, and in some respects, their way of removal from the philosophy of Schopenhauer and the world of Richard Wagner who had hitherto been bound. The work is the result of the recovery, by Nietzsche, the study of a beloved author since he was eighteen, Ralph Waldo Emerson. The Emersonian themes run through it all work. Among these are the self-confidence, the affirmation of worldly life, love of fate and the idea of \u200b\u200ba man over man.
Zarathustra (or Zoroaster) is the founder of Zoroastrianism, an ancient Persian beliefs based on the Manichean opposition of good and evil and thus for Nietzsche the inventor of the dualistic concept of good and evil. Including his mistake Zarathustra communicate it to the men and tells them the doctrine of the Superman, an ethic of self-overcoming that wants to free them from their mediocre aspirations, the idea of \u200b\u200ba "world behind the world endorsed by metaphysics, Christianity Pietism and the resulting benefits.
But the approach of Zarathustra with the market is very bitter: his speech is mocked by the crowd and the spectacle of the allegorical tightrope walker trying to cross the rope suspended evoked by the words of Nietzsche ends in disaster when the clown of the tower, the his double, he does fall down dead. Zarathustra then held their talks in the desert until the final search of the superman, the only one who can follow him, which turns out to be split into a plurality of persons or allegorical figures.
The author proves to be very familiar with the language of the Bible: the Nietzsche's Zarathustra turns out to be his Jesus Christ, his Messiah. Nietzsche was attempting to to create a myth of modernity by using the symbolic language of myth (and dreams) to succeed. Zarathustra was introduced at the end of the Gaia Science nell'inquietante Incipit Tragoediae. The Gay Science also contains the first formulation of the doctrine of 'Eternal Return one of the key teachings of Zarathustra.
Nietzsche regarded 'Thus Spoke Zarathustra "with great pride and elation similar to that which would look at the books to follow those words before the catastrophe of insanity in 1889. It is disturbing that all these recent books, including the Zarathustra, contain constant references to a dramatic finale and the presence of a double (in Zarathustra For example, the dwarf or the clown of the tower, or the magician-Wagner), all elements of the tragic tradition.